Walking aids

Weight-bearing status — distinct concepts

Non-weight-bearing (NWB)

No weight through the involved limb; the foot stays off the floor.

Touch-down / toe-touch weight-bearing (TDWB/TTWB)

The foot may rest on the floor for balance only, without supporting body weight.

Partial weight-bearing (PWB)

Some weight through the limb, as specified in the prescription.

Weight-bearing as tolerated (WBAT)

As much weight as the person can tolerate, within pain and safety limits.

Full weight-bearing (FWB)

No restriction on weight through the limb.

Definitions and restrictions must follow the actual clinical prescription. No universal percentages are assigned. Walkers and rollators are never used on stairs.

Lessons

• Single-point caneA cane gives a small extra point of support and sensory feedback.
• Quad caneA cane with a four-point base that stands on its own and offers more stability than a single-point cane.
• Axillary crutchesCrutches that reach under the arms, allowing substantial unloading of one leg.
• Forearm crutchesCrutches with a cuff around the forearm, often used longer term.
• Standard walkerA frame without wheels that is lifted and placed forward, providing a wide base of support.
• Two-wheeled walkerA walker with front wheels that is pushed rather than lifted, giving a smoother pattern.
• Four-wheeled rollatorA walker with four wheels, hand brakes and often a seat, used for continuous walking.